NATIVISATION AND EMERGENCE OF NEW ENGLISHES IN AKWA IBOM

 

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODS

This chapter examines the methods used for the study under the following sub-headings; research design, area of the study , population of the study, sample and sampling techniques, instrument for data collection, validation of the instrument, administration of the instrument, scoring of the instrument and method of data analysis.

3.1       Area of the Study

This research study was carried out in Nsit Ubium local Government Area. Nsit Ubium Local Government Area was carved out of the then Etinan Local Government on May 3, 1989 with its headquarters at Ikot Edibon. In September 1991, the present Nsit Ibom Local Government Area was carved out leaving Nsit Ubium with its present two clans. Nsit and Ubium with 65 recognised villages and some other villages which are in existence. It is located at about 6 km East of Eket, Okobo, Nsit Ibom, Etinan, Ibesipko/Asutan and Nsit Atai Local Government Areas. Shears common boundary with Nsit Ubium and Eket Local government it is well drained by the Qua Ibo River which has tributaries scattered in many locations in the area. Nsit Ubium covers a land mass of 242.942 sq kin; and located 6 km East of Eket. The topography of the Local Government is undulating with shallow depressions, dry valleys and few rivers, which lie far apart between the predominant plains. Marshes and swamps influenced by the Qua Iboe River traverse a large portion of the Local Government Area. Nsit Ubium is under Uyo Senatorial District in Akwa Ibom North East.

3.2       Research Design       

This study adopted a survey research design. The study was a descriptive one meant to describe the effect of home variable and pupil’s academic performance in early childhood care and education in primary schools.  Descriptive survey is a branch of social science investigation which studies larger and small population by selecting and studying sample chosen from the population to discover the effects, incidence distribution and interrelations (Kothari, 2003).

 

 

3.3       Population of the Study

The population of the study consisted of all the secondary school students in all the six (6) public secondary schools school in the study area. The total of one thousand eight hundred and seventy three (1,873) students constituted the population for the study.

3.4 Sample and Sampling Techniques

A simple random sampling technique was used to select twenty five (25) pupils from   four (4) public secondary schools in Nsit Ubium L. G. A. for the study. The selected Four (4) secondary schools were done by balloting in which the names of all secondary schools Schools in Nsit Ubium was written on pieces of papers, folded and shoveled. Four (4) papers were randomly picked without replacement and the names of the schools written on them were used as sample schools for the findings.

3.5 Instrument for Data Collection

The major instrument used for data collection in this study was a Questionnaire on nativisation and the emergence of new Englishes in Akwa Ibom State (NENE). The item was in one dimension. Section A, which was to obtain information from the students upon the respondents’ background.

3.6 Validation of the Instrument

The instrument designed by the researcher was validated by the supervisor, necessary corrections were made and all comments and corrections reflected in the final form of the instrument.

3.7 Administration of the Instrument

The researcher personally visited the selected secondary schools for the study. After due permission obtained from the principals, the researcher was introduced to the subject teacher in the selected schools who assisted in the administration of the instrument.  After the stated time on the instrument, all the papers were collected at same time by the researcher and the assisted teacher from each of the schools for analysis.

3.8.      Reliability of the Study

In order to ascertain the reliability of the instrument used for the study, a questionnaire was administered and the result analyzed using Person’s product moment correlation coefficient statistical method.

3.9       Method of Data Analysis

The data collected were analyzed using the contextual model. According to the contextual theory, the meaning of any linguistic expression (be it a word, phrase or sentence,) id determine by the context in which it is used. The meaning expression of an expression therefore is total effects (s) it create in a particular context and such meaning can be characterize in terms of its use in the language.